Meridian Chorus · layer 1 · daylight

One meridian, one year of light

Thirteen voices stand on one meridian, from the North Pole to the South Pole, and sing through one year from solstice to solstice. Each breath is one day, midnight to midnight: a voice sounds while its sun is up, swells in through twilight, and only breathes while its sun is down. Everyone on a meridian shares solar noon, so every note centres on the same instant.

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The ring is the year, starting at the December solstice at the top and running clockwise. Each band is one voice, North Pole outermost; its colour is that place's day length, from polar night (deep blue) to polar day (gold). The bands light up as the year plays.

The bar is the meridian itself. Each parallel glows while its voice sounds. The sun marker rides between the tropics: it is the latitude where the sun stands overhead at noon, and the reason for everything you hear.

Tap or hover a parallel, or its band in the ring, to see its whole year of daylight; tap it again to let go.

The numbers beside the bar are that day at each parallel: day length, and sunrise and sunset in local solar time (noon is 12:00 everywhere on the line). Everything here is calculated from the sun's geometry (D, derived); later layers will add measured weather, ocean and ice.

Places and territory. The land and ice voices stand on Inuit Nunangat (75°N), at the Nunavut–Manitoba boundary (60°N), in South Dakota (45°N), on the Edwards Plateau in Texas (30°N), and in Antarctica (75°S and 90°S). Acknowledgements of the peoples whose lands these are, in their own words where they publish them, are being prepared and will be added here.

Sources. Daylight is calculated from solar geometry (Meeus, as in NOAA's solar calculator; checked against the JPL DE421 ephemeris). Air temperature: ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus Climate Change Service, CC BY 4.0), via the Open-Meteo historical weather API. Sea surface temperature: NOAA OISST v2.1 (Reynolds et al. 2007; Huang et al. 2020), via NOAA CoastWatch ERDDAP. Sea ice: NOAA/NSIDC Sea Ice Concentration Climate Data Record, version 6, via NOAA CoastWatch ERDDAP. Each value is the mean over a breath's days at the grid cell nearest the parallel; the cell used and its distance are recorded in data/meridian/. The South Pole's air temperature is ERA5 standing in for the Amundsen–Scott station record. The audio is licensed CC BY 4.0.